Innovations in power generation. The UNITS 200+ project in Poland

Jolanta Ziaja, Janusz Lichota

    Streszczenie
    The purpose of the “Units 200+” project is to develop methods that can adapt 200 MWe class generating power units, which represent almost 25% of Poland's installed capacity, to safely transform the structure of electricity generation in the country. The project has several sub-goals, including reducing start-up time from the cold state to 5 hours, shortening start-up time from the warm state to 2.5 hours, and reducing start-up time from the hot state to 1.5 hours. Other goals include changing the power growth gradient to 4% of rated power MW/min, maintaining minimum power at stable/longterm operation on base fuel with adherence to current emission parameters at 40% of the rated capacity, developing an IT and control and measurement solution to forecast the impact of operating activities on failure rates and availability of the unit, increasing the efficiency of electricity generation to 60% of the achievable power without significant interventions/ modifications to the turbine flow system, and meeting BAT requirements for dust emissions. To achieve these goals, several design changes have been undertaken, including the installation of a steam air heater on the by-pass of the main primary air duct to the coal mills in the boiler building, the execution of a partial ECO by-pass in the form of hot flue gas ducts from the second boiler draft duct before ECO in the boiler room to the external flue gas duct after LUVO to SCR (on both sides of the boiler), and the construction of a heat exchanger (heat station) to maintain circulation in the downcomers. Other changes include heating the drum of a boiler with 1.7 MPa process steam, installing air fans WP inverters, supplying 850 kW motors and 6 kV bypass, installing flue gas fans WS inverters, motors and 6 kV bypass, and reducing the pressure in the drum from 15.5 MPa to the value required to ensure adequate circulation in the boiler evaporator system. Other changes include implementing an electrostatic precipitator flue gas recirculation system, supplying an acoustic system for measuring temperature distribution in the combustion chamber, supplying a calculation server for monitoring, optimization and advanced regulation of the technological process, delivering a system for analysis and control of temperature rise in metal, and supplying a system based on artificial intelligence for optimization of the combustion process. Other changes include delivering a system for advanced regulation of steam temperatures, supplying a system for advanced regulation of power and steam pressure, delivering a system to analyze the impact of increased flexibility of unit operation on failure rates and availability with economic optimization, delivering a system for advanced diagnostics of mills equipped with an automatic response module to prevent mill failures, and delivering a system that estimates the readiness of a start-up burner for firing. The goals indicated above have been achieved.
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